Friday, December 27, 2019

4DEP Activity 1 - 894 Words

Unit 4DEP (HR) Activity 1.1 Summary of the CIPD HR Profession Map The HRPM is a visual illustration of the activities, skills and behaviours required to be effective in an HR role. It based on information and best practice shared globally by HR professionals. Many organisations around the world now use it to benchmark their HR capability. The map is designed as follows: At the core of the HRPM are two crucial areas: Strategy, Insights Solutions Develop an understanding of the organization, its’ stakeholders and the environment it works in. Gather and analyse data to determine areas of threat or opportunity. Share insights with colleagues and managers to influence the development of policies, ensuring†¦show more content†¦For example, Band 1 is at entry level/admin, Band 2 is an advisory level or managing a small team of staff, Band 3 is consultancy level and Band 4 is managerial level, leading an organisations’ HR department. Employee Engagement Level 1 Employees are the most important, and often, most costly asset within any organisation. Ensuring they are fully engaged and committed to the success of the business is crucial. Listed below are the activities needed to reinforce the connection employees have with their company, job and colleagues, leading to a more satisfied and motivated workforce. Research Measure Employee Engagement Meeting with staff, providing the opportunity to discuss concerns, ascertain motivation and build relationships between management and workers. Collect and analyse performance figures and observe trends, (for example absence levels, retention, production or customer service). Use staff satisfaction surveys to determine the mood of employees. Promptly analyse responses to identify areas requiring action. Develop Proposals Plans Ensure staff are consulted and encouraged to contribute ideas on improvements to the delivery of their own professional area. Promote an open and honest working environment. Encourage communication between specialists and practitioners within the company to examine results, issues and identify solutions. Embed Employee Interventions Hold regular meetings with staff to feedback on performance,Show MoreRelatedUnit 1 (4dep) Activity 31136 Words   |  5 PagesCertificate in HR Practice Unit 1 (4DEP) – Developing Yourself as an Effective Human Resources Practitioner Activity 3 – Ability to reflect on own practice and development needs and maintain a plan for personal development Assessment Activity – 4DEP-F301A-(HR) Issued in September 2013 Name: To be inserted CIPD No: To be inserted Contents Ability to reflect on own practice and development needs and maintain a plan for personal development 3 Self-assessment against the CIPD AssociateRead MoreReport Activities 1 And 2 4DEP1761 Words   |  8 Pages Assignments 1 and 2 Topic: CIPD Profession Map and HR/LD practitioner services. Date: 06.01.2015 Student: Katarzyna Zarnowska Tutor: Jill Wilson Abstract. My report briefly summarise the CIPD Profession Map, then I would like to make comment on the activities and knowledge specified within one professional area first. The second part my report will outline how an HR/LD practitioner should ensure the services provided are timely and effective. Table of contents. Abstract. 1. IntroductionRead MoreCipd - 4dep-a Essay686 Words   |  3 PagesAssessment 4DEP – Activity A CPD stands for Continuing Professional Development and is a means of supporting people in the workplace to understand more about the environment in which they work, the job they do and how to do it better. As an initiative, CPD was largely unknown until at least the 1960s. Professional bodies only started to take systematic steps to ensure their members continue their development on an ongoing basis within the last ten to fifteen years of the twentieth century. RecognitionRead MoreCipd Essay762 Words   |  4 Pages4DEP F301A (LD) CIPD Assessment Activity Template Title of unit/s Developing Yourself as an Effective Learning Development Practitioner Unit No/s 4DEP (LD) Level Foundation Credit value 4 Assessment method Written, Discussion Learning outcomes: 1. Understand the knowledge, skills and behaviours required to be an effective LD practitioner. 2. Know how to deliver timely and effective LD services to meet users’ needs. 3. Be able to reflect on own practice and developmentRead More4DEP Student TMA Essay5020 Words   |  21 Pages4DEP Assessment 1 Name: Stephen Paxton Unit  Title   Unit  Code   Level   Credit  value   Assessment  method   Developing  Yourself  as  an  Effective  Human   Resources  or  Learning  and  Development   Practitioner      4DEP      4      4      Written  answers  to  questions      Learning  outcomes:​ OI                  Activity  1      (Note:  The  CIPD  Human  Resources  Profession  Map  (HRPM)  can  be  accessed  at:      www.cipd.co.uk/cipd ­hr ­profession/hr ­profession ­map/explore ­map.aspx​   )  Ã‚      Write  a  report  in  which  you:  Ã‚      ââ€"  briefly  summarise  the  HRPM  (iRead MorePersonal Development and Hr1445 Words   |  6 PagesLearning Outcomes and assessment criteria Learning outcomes The learner will: Assessment criteria The learner can: Criteria satisfied 1st submission 2nd submission Met /NYM Tutor initials and date Met /NYM Tutor initials and date 1 Understand the knowledge, skills and behaviours required to be an effective HR or LD practitioner 1.1 Explain the knowledge, skills and behaviours required to be effective in an identified HR or LD role. 2 Know how to deliver timely andRead MoreHr Profession Map Essay1006 Words   |  5 PagesAn Effective Human Resources Practitioner I confirm that the work I provided for unit 4DEP (HR) is my own. Signed: Date: Print Name: ACTIVITY 1 THE CIPD HR PROFESSION MAP The CIPD HR Profession Map sets out what HR Profession need to know, do and deliver at all stages in their careers. The Map covers 10 professional areas, 8 behaviours and 4 Bands of competencies and transitions, from Band 1 for the start of HR career through to band for the most senior leaders. ‘It has beenRead MoreAssessment 4Dep1178 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿CIPD Foundation CERTIFICATE in human resource LEVEL 3 4DEP ASSESSMENT 01 Activities 1 The Human Resource Professional Map (HPRM) Activity 01 Introduction: The Human Resource Map (HRPM) was developed by the CIPD it was created by generalists and specialists within the CIPD/HR environments to explain how HR add value to any organisation within the UK and around the world. The (HRMP) is a guideline/benchmarked on line tool which can help individuals and organisations identify immediate andRead More4DEP 1 2 Essay1245 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿4DEP Activity 1 2 Allys Parsons – 10716742 12th May 2015 The CIPD Profession Map - Core Functions The CIPD Profession Map is provided to give a distinct overview of the specific areas of business that HR personnel are concerned with. The map includes 10 professional areas, 8 behaviour areas and 4 bands of professional competence. The specific professional areas are defined by Bands which describe professional competence, with Band 1 being the entry level standard or those workingRead More4dep Essay example1255 Words   |  6 PagesDeveloping Yourself as an Effective Human Resources Practitioner 4DEP Foundation Mr Janis Tiesnieks 2016 Contents CIPD Profession Map 3 Behaviours 4 Bands 5 Role of HR 6 Effective communication 7 Communication methods 7 Effective service delivery 8 CIPD Profession Map The standards set out in the CIPD Profession Map, developed in collaboration with HR and Lamp;D professionals, senior business people, academics and their organisations across the world, aim to set the

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Social Inequality In The God Of Small Things - 1746 Words

Arundhati Roy’s novel, The God of Small Things, underlies the social caste system of the 1960s characterized by social, cultural, and economic injustices toward lower classes. India’s caste system reflects the social hierarchy, which promulgates unfair systems of power and oppression. As portrayed in the novel, the social caste system creates unfair divisions amongst people and essentially determines the amount of respect they will receive since their time of birth. The God of Small Things illustrates how despite the fact that the social caste system is heavily imposed in India, it is through resistance and social opposition that can stretch far enough to override these barriers. To begin, it is important to understand the difference†¦show more content†¦They had to put their hands over their mouths when they spoke, to divert their polluted breath away from those whom they addressed† (Roy 71). Although Roy never clearly states the exact time period, it i s likely â€Å"Mammachi’s time† is around the 1930s, which was only a few years before the Untouchables Act was established. This excerpt illustrates the oppression Untouchables faced; they were belittled and ignored because of the inevitable social caste system they are born into. It is this rigid social system that allowed for the subordination of those who didn’t fit in at the top of the social caste spectrum. Even more, this shows how social categorizations and hierarchies produce negative outcomes such as contributing to the dehumanization and oppression of individuals. While it may seems odd that the social caste system wouldn’t be eradicated after so many years, there have been many impediments to being able to overcome such system. In fact, Charles Bressler states in Literary Criticism, â€Å"All people in a given culture are consciously and unconsciously asked to conform to the prescribed hegemony† (Bressler 198). As Bressler posits. the social caste system that has been imposed for decades, is not without easily eradicated; it’s not that people don’t want to see change, but it is because it has been integrated and imprinted into people’s lives for decadesShow MoreRelatedImportance Of The Views Of Karl Marx And Abraham Kuyper1709 Words   |  7 Pagessaying two brains is greater than one comes to play. While looking at different views people can come up with different ideas on how to solve a problem. The main purpose is to look at Marx’s and Kuyper’s ideas of human nature, main causes of social i nequality and economic hardship, the solution, assumptions that come with the solutions, and if their ideas hold up in the twenty-first century. Marx has the idea that human nature is based on communism. Through history we see the oppressors and the oppressedRead MoreSociology-Social Class1065 Words   |  5 Pagesa bad thing made by man, and by God that’s something we can change.† John Steinbeck. This excerpt from Steinbeck’s Grapes of Wrath is talking about the ‘bad things’ that we deal with in our society. Two bad things that are extremely pressing in society today are the growing gap in the social class system and gender inequality. Both social class problems and gender inequality affect the way members of our society live their daily lives but are commonly overlooked or underestimated. Social ClassRead MoreThe Decline Of The Paleolithic Age1233 Words   |  5 Pagesagriculture are wells and irrigation systems. D. The characteristics of a civilization are debated among historians. However, many agree that a civilization is a society with enough resources and state of economy to form divisions of labor and a social caste system. Others say that it also needs to have a political organization as opposed to family tribes. Civilizations first arose in the Middle East, Northwest India, Egypt, and Northern China. E. Geography has a very powerful influence on theRead MoreI am a Liberal Because Everyone is Equal Essay647 Words   |  3 PagesWhen looking over the philosophical approaches to social justices and thinking about how they fit into my worldview. I believe the one that fits my worldviews the most is the approach called liberal. The reason why I believe this is congruent to my views is because the principle of this approach is that there is economic liberty and political equality for all. I believe people should be treated equal no matter what their race, gender, height, sexual orientation and other traits are. In my eyesRead MoreAlan Paton s Cry, The Beloved The Country1358 Words   |  6 Pagesallusions, Alan Paton is able to explain the impact of racial inequality in South Africa, but signifies how unconditional love and hope can be used to overcome fear and bring restoration to both the land and it’s inhabitants. Arthur’s allusion represents the overall battle of good versus evil and the fight for equality. King Arthur and Arthur Jarvis were well liked, and respected by the people. Paton states â€Å"the church had been too small for all who wanted to come† (181), and this is the ultimateRead MoreCommon Good969 Words   |  4 Pagesin a context wherein Augustine gives the guidelines for day-to-day life in community, a life characterized by mutual service. We have already pointed out the importance of the social dimension in Augustine’s thought. Since human life is social by nature, the development of a person cannot be separated from its social context. The same applies to the new life of the believer in Christ. The new man that is born from the waters of baptism lives the commandment of love. This life of love is verifiedRead MoreThe Man Within The Shadows1414 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Society, as explained in black history month (â€Å"African American Literature† 1). In the poems â€Å"We Wear the Mask† and â€Å"I, too, Sing America,† they come to unfold the characteristics of the African American Literature such as naturalism, social inequality, racism, and religion. In a like manner, the authors of both poems reveal the accrued decapitation of the sufferings of the people who in this era were known as the black man through the exposition of naturalism. It is of great impact how theRead MoreKarl Marx Alienation1069 Words   |  5 Pagesdivision of labour based on inequality. He argues the Bourgeoisie exploit the proletariat of their cheap labour. The Bourgeoisie own the means of production and raw materials and employ the working-class to produce goods for them to sell. The profit the ruling-class gain they invest back in their business, while giving a small wage to the working individuals. As the rich keep investing, the individuals working are receiving a small income for them to live on, this creates a social divide, between the richRead MoreThe And Flow Of Ideas About God And Religion Throughout The Life Of Marjane Satrapi1530 Words   |  7 Pagesabout God and religion throughout the life of Marjane Satrapi, the author of the autobiographi cal novel Persepolis, is made very clear in her novel. As she is introduced to new thoughts and experiences, her ideas change. When her parents expose her to their communist ideas begins to value her relationship with god less. When things return back to normal she returns. It is not until a series of fairly traumatic events that she drifts completely away. Satrapi uses Illustrations of her and God as aRead MoreHillbilly Elegy Analysis1175 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Jackson taught me that â€Å"hill people† and â€Å"poor people† usually meant the same thing. At Mamaw Blanton’s, we’d eat scrambled eggs, ham, fried potatoes, and biscuits for breakfast; fried bologna sandwiches for lunch; and soup and cornbread for dinner.† And hillbillies do not like or wear earrings. They explain how society is in Hilly Billy Elegy and how they hold them to some certain standards. 2. Definition of social imagination is the awareness of the relationship between experience and the wider

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Lululemon free essay sample

Summary ?Symptoms The symptom is very clear, because the shift of the concentration, through its seaweed content, the VitaSea line claims to reduce stress and provide anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hydrating and detoxifying benefits to its wearers, but the New York Times’ test showed no evidence of seaweed in Lululemon’s clothing. This sent Lululemon’s stock price on a rollercoaster ride. Previously, Lululemon had been enjoying stellar stock performance, reaching $60 a share after an IPO price of $25 in July. Next day, the stock closed at $41. 50(Robert Cordero 2009). While the stock is being fluctuating, the new retail store in Tokyo, Japan has been a failure because ignorance of the culture difference. ?Strategy Applied Another smaller element of strategy in regards to the focus of the company on growth is the fact that they did not follow the change of social and environmental forces, especially in Japan, a very different market. Few marketing changes were made in this sector. We will write a custom essay sample on Lululemon or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Those changes should be focused on the culture difference and the fashionable design difference. External Factors

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

What factors contributed to the division of Canadas political right into two seperate political parties

Introduction Before the 1984 elections in Canada, there were only two major political parties, the Liberal Party and Progressive Conservative party. They competed in the traditional left/right-wing policy dimension space. There was a third small party the New Democratic Party on the left-wing.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on What factors contributed to the division of Canada’s political right into two seperate political parties specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since New Democratic Party had weak electoral support, the political system qualified as two party-plus. Liberal party won most of the elections making it a natural government party. The factors that contributed to separation of Reform Party and the Progressive Conservative Party in Canada vary with the factors that contributed to their re-union. Varying activities and political ideologies increased the need for Reform Party and Progressive Conservative Party to separate in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Major factors were socio-economic and political. Re-union of these Parties was contributed by mainly political factors (short term) and a combination of economic, social and political factors (long term). This paper seeks to establish factors that led to separation and re-union of Reform/Canadian Alliance Party and Progressive Conservatives. All the factors reflect contributions and their intensities to either separation or re-union of these parties. Separation of Progressive Conservative Party Reform Party separated from Progressive Conservative Party in 1987. It had its first elected Member of Parliament in a 1989 by-election. Deborah Gray was its first member of parliament elected in Beaver River in Alberta, Canada. This party represented interests of people from the western part of Canada (Manning, 1992). French/English relationship and other immigrant’s variation in economic and social issues were the main contributing factors. The House of Commons had started portraying significant divisions against itself based on these pertinent issues in 1980s. In its quest for leadership in Canadian politics, Progressive Conservative leader took the risk of alienating Western provinces and pursuing issue of Quebec‘s constitutional future in early 1980s. This greatly polarized the electorate and worked well for the PC. They won the elections and formed a government in 1982.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Western Canada lacked sufficient representation at the national level in the 1980s. Lack of representation led to favoritism of Mulroney’s Progressive government towards Quà ©bec. Most elites from the region believed that there was need for their own party to be heard nationally (Brimelow, 1986). Politicians including Preston Manning, Francis Winspear and several others bel ieved that there was need for institutional reforms in Canadian political system. This view was not shared by most of the leaders in Progressive Conservative party. Meech Lake Accord which proposed constitutional amendment did not meet the required level of Canadian Unity and requirements of the Westerners (Johnston et al. 1996). It was negotiated by the federal government with ten provinces. The accord provided Quebec with a distinct society status. Nevertheless, it failed ratification in 1990. The failure of the accord led to formation of another political outfit Bloc Quà ©bà ©cois in Quebec. Another accord was negotiated in 1992 but it was rejected again by population in a referendum. In 1986 Canadians in Western Provinces thought that Progressive Conservative Party’s federal governments paid more attention to Quebec. Majority of the economic programs started by the Canadian government in 1980s where skewed towards benefiting Quà ©bec at the expense of Alberta and other western provinces. Introduction of National Energy Program which was aimed at regulating energy prices, led to major economic losses in Alberta. There was visible unfairness in government procurement. Majority of government contracts were being awarded to companies in Quà ©bec. This was reflected in 1986 when the federal Progressive Conservative government contracted an unprepared company in Quà ©bec a contract. Since the contract involved construction of military aircrafts, it was worth a fortune. The company was awarded the contract although another company in Winning, Manitoba was ready construct the CF-18 aircrafts. To Manning and other politicians from Western provinces, these events signified that both Liberal and Progressive Conservative Parties governments favored Eastern Canada and mostly Quà ©bec. Economic discrimination was evident according to Jenson and Phillips (1996). Westerners had not been given economic freedom to perform their roles. As disparities between imm igrants and natives increased, some people thought the government was not fair especially in distribution of income from oil and gas export.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on What factors contributed to the division of Canada’s political right into two seperate political parties specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Government reduction in social spending was not given effective emphasis by the federal Progressive Conservative government in 1980s. Government’s funding of multicultural and bilingual social programs did not go well with Reforms party members. Business people and citizens required tax cuts since cost of running business and unemployment rates had gone up. Even with the increase in unemployment rates and government deficits, Progressive Conservative governments did not reduce taxes. When the Reforms Party proposers started their desire, they received a lot of support from people who did not benefit from tax cuts especially in Western Canada. Most of the people in Western Canada thought immigrants from Africa and Latin America benefited from their resources. Some even thought that they could do without Quebec which tolerated immigrants from India, Africa and Latin America. Most of these concerns where due to increased deficit in the federal government budget. Government services being offered by Liberal and Progressive Conservative party had deteriorated over time. Privatization of government organizations was not done by Progressive Conservative government although they performed poorly. There was need for universal health care for all citizens. With the failing health care, the proponents of the reforms including Manning wanted a two-tier health insurance system (Manning, 1992). This would include both private and public insurance. The issue of free trade was also a big factor that contributed to the separation of Progressive Conservative party. The Reformists from the western provinces of British Columbia, Manitoba and Alberta thought that there was need for free trade among all Canadians. They wanted to engage in both domestic and international trade with the United States and other partners (Manning, 1992). Various social related challenges emerged in the 1980s. Issues relating to aboriginal, gay/lesbian marriage, abortion and HIV threatened the well being of Westerners and other Canadians. The need for tight regulations on gay and lesbian marriage was frequently called by Reforms party members. At some point, the spread of HIV was regarded as a disaster in the making. Since the Progressive Conservative Party government did not put much emphasis on theses social challenges, some of the Reforms/alliance members felt it was necessary to tackle them.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These social factors fueled the separation of Progressive Conservative Party. Preston Manning himself condemned homosexuality in public. However, some of the extreme views of the members of the separated Reforms were considered as individual rather than party positions. In the early 1990s, the Reform Party realized that it had gained considerable support in most parts of the country. The extended support became an encouraging factor for it its members. They then changed it from a regional Party to a national one. Its expansion extended to most areas including Ontario. However, it still did not include Quebec in its expansion. Reunion of Reform/Alliance and Progressive Conservative Party After its inception, Reforms Party barely made impact in federal elections. In its three subsequent elections, it did not secure more than 20 % of the federal vote. The highest number of seats it won was 60 out of 301 in the House of Commons. The failure to appease a wide range of supporters in most provinces was mainly because of its extreme policies. Before the 2000 federal elections, Reforms Party changed to Canadian Alliance Party and adopted moderate policies (Blais et al, 2002). The party also elected a new leader. However, it did not succeed to secure more votes. It increased to 66 seats while the other Right-wing Party, Progressive Conservative won only 12 seats. The two parties realized that the only significant improvement would occur if they merged. After extensive negotiations they finally merged and formed Conservative Party of Canada in 2003. Various factors contributed to the historical merger of the two right-wing parties. Long Term Factors For the better part of 20th century, Liberal party won most elections in Canada. The only significant opposition was offered by the left wing Progressive Conservative party. The failed recognition of special status of Quebec in 1990s expanded political space to include constitutional rights of Quebec. The partisan issue which influenced Canadian politics regenerated from its original one dimension to two dimensions. The policy space was on economic and regional dimensions. To remove a party in power, opposition can just wait for natural failure of the incumbent government. It may be caused by domestic or foreign policy (Schofield et al, 2003). This is an unstable risk because incumbent party can regain power after the electorates weigh their preferences. The opposition can also identify an underlying issue and campaign for or against it. This is likely to polarize electorate into two opposing groups (Schofield et al, 2003). If the polarization is high the ruling party can be easily broken or weakened. The western alienation and French-English relations has been such a factor in Canada. Success in uniting such groups could lead in more problems. However, if it succeeds, the party can become new natural governing party. In the 2000 elections, Canadian Alliance Party and Bloc Quà ©bà ©cois pro/anti-Frenc h issues were vital. However, the Reform/alliance supporters had moved to economic issues. At that same time, Progressive Conservatives had adopted an almost center policy. PC did not make recognizable gain in the elections because of its dept, leadership controversies, poor organization and troubled fundraising (Woolstencroft, 2001). However, it captured 12% of the federal vote. Most voters in Canada are situated around the centre of economic and constitutional issues. This allowed the liberals to capture victory in the 2000 and majority of other federal elections. Anti-French driven sentiments mainly influenced the Reform/Alliance vote. Pro-French sentiments contributed to Quebec federal vote. The results show that Reform/Alliance Party was not able to replace or absorb Progressive Conservative Party in 1990s. This is reflected in the average 12-20% share of PC every election year which was not enough to propel it to power. This particular percentage vote is what Reform/alliance p arty required to defeat Liberals in the elections. Quebec guaranteed PC its votes because it could not accommodate the extreme views of the Reform/Alliance Party. Failures in 1997 and 2000 proved to both Progressive Conservative and Reform/Alliance parties that it would be practically impossible to beat Liberals without unity. The electoral goal played a significant factor in the ultimate merge of the two parties over their ideologies and policies. Short term factors Leadership change in both parties before the merger contributed to the success of reunion. There is a significant impact of change of leadership, dominant party faction and external benefits to the decision to merge parties (Harmel Janda, 1994). During the period between 1990 and 2000, both parties pursued vote-seeking and policy-seeking goals. Before 1993, Progressive Conservative was considered one of the two major federal parties in Canada. However, it had not been characterized by strong ideological values (Bernard 1996). It’s primarily goal was vote-maximizing. In the 1990s the party changed its goal to policy advocacy. On the other hand, Reform/Alliance started with policy-seeking goal and later shifted to vote-seeking before the 2000 elections. After its formation, the party did well in representing its main policies. It could not achieve its policy-seeking since it never gained the significant votes to ascend to power. Subsequently, the right-wing policy was not carried out. After the 1997 elections, the party launched the United Alternative campaign strategy. This showed a shift in party’s ultimate goal towards vote-seeking. This was followed by change of Party name to Canadian Alliance, election of a new leader and adoption of moderate policies in preparation for the 2000 federal elections. This did not put off the Progressive Conservatives. The party’s success was insignificant. The Alliance Party and its new leader Stephen Harper remained with one option; to form a merger with the Progressive conservative Party. The Reform/Alliance had to sacrifice its ideological goal to succeed electorally. On the other hand, Progressive Conservatives were not interested in the merger. According to Harme and Janda (1994), external shock to a party is usually the main trigger for party change. The 1993 election defeat acted as the necessary external shock. Its seats reduced from majority to only two in the House of Commons while the national share dropped from 43% to 16. The party ran out of options because of the Liberals on the other side and Quebec’s deal on the other side. They could not play regional alienation because it had lost its credibility on the Meech Lake and subsequent constitutional accords. The Progressive Conservative faced a dead end because liberals occupied the traditional governing while Reform/Alliance and Bloc had the regional support. It had the only option of forming an alliance with the Reform/alliance party or face extinct ion. PC leader Joe Clark opted for none of the options. He opposed to the merger because he wanted to deny his competitors opportunities in its stronghold. He wanted to preserve identity of the Party and defend his pride as a leader. After a lot of in-party fighting, Orchard a close ally of PC leader Joe Clark retired to give room for MacKay’s leadership. He agreed to retire after MacKay pledged not to merge with Reform/Alliance. The party leaders who included five provincial Premiers, a former Ontario Premier and Brian Mulroney applied a lot of pressure on the new leader to form alliance. The leader finally broke his promise and formed the alliance in 2003. Organizational and leadership change played a key role in the merger (Harmel Janda, 1994). Works Cited Bernard, Andrà ©. â€Å"Liberals and Conservatives in the 1990s.† Canadian Parties in Transition. Ed. Brian Tanguay and Alain-G. Gagnon. Scarborough: Nelson Canada, 1996. 73-88. Print. Blais, Andrà ©, Elisabeth Gidengil, Richard Nadeau, and Neil Nevitte. Anatomy of a Liberal Victory: Making Sense of the Vote in the 2000 Canadian Election. Peterborough: Broadview Press. 2002. Print. Brimelow, Peter. The Patriot Game. Toronto: Porter Books, 1986.Print. Harmel, Robert, and Janda, Kenneth. â€Å"An Integrated Theory of Party Goals and Party Change.† Journal of Theoretical Politics 6 (1994): 259-287. Print. Johnston, Richard, Andrà © Blais, Elisabeth Gidengil, and Neil Nevitte. The challenge of Direct Democracy: The 1992 Canadian Referendum. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1996. Print. Jenson, Jane and Susan Phillips. â€Å"Regime Shift: New Citizenship Practices in Canada.† International Journal of Canadian Studies 14 (1996):111–35. Print. Manning, Preston. The New Canada. Canada: Macmillan, 1992. P167. Print. Schofield, Norman, Gary Miller, and Andrew Martin. â€Å"Critical Elections and Political Realignment in America: 1860-2000.† Political St udies 51 (2003): 217-240. Print. Woolstencroft, Peter. â€Å"Some Battles Won, War Lost: The Campaign of the Progressive Conservative Party.† In Jon H. Pammett and Christopher Dornan. 2001. Print This research paper on What factors contributed to the division of Canada’s political right into two seperate political parties was written and submitted by user Eli Reyes to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.